Prof. Dr. Dres. h.c. Joseph Straus

Edited Works

Europäisches Patentübereinkommen. Münchner Gemeinschaftskommentar, 30. instl., Heymanns, Köln [u.a.] 2014, 6 + 19 + 9 + 6 + 11 + 11 + 13 + 18 + 2 + 52 pp. (together with Gerhard Schricker).

Europäisches Patentübereinkommen. Münchner Gemeinschaftskommentar, 29. instl., Heymanns, Köln [u.a.] 2012 (together with Gerhard Schricker et al.).

Leading Court Cases on European Intellectual Property (Tongji IP Series), Intellectual Property Publishing House, Beijing 2011, 1282 pp. (together with Peter Meier-Beck).

Intellectual Property in Asia. Law, Economics, History and Politics (MPI Studies on Intellectual Property, Competition and Tax Law, 9), Springer, Berlin 2009, XVIII + 357 pp. (together with Paul Goldstein).

The Role of Law and Ethics in the Globalized Economy (MPI Studies on Intellectual Property, Competition and Tax Law, 10), Springer, Berlin 2009, XXI + 177 pp.

Patentschutz und Stammzellforschung. Internationale und rechtsvergleichende Aspekte (MPI Studies on Intellectual Property, Competition and Tax Law, 13), Springer, Berlin 2009, XII + 121 pp. (together with Peter Ganea, Yu-Cheol Shin).

Abhandlungen zum Urheber- und Kommunikationsrecht des Max-Planck-Instituts für Geistiges Eigentum, Wettbewerbs- und Steuerrecht, München, Nomos, Baden-Baden, since 2007 (together with Josef Drexl et al.).

• 2002 - 2005 unter dem Titel Urheberrechtliche Abhandlungen des Max-Planck-Instituts für Geistiges Eigentum, Wettbewerbs- und Steuerrecht erschienen

Europäisches Patentübereinkommen. Münchner Gemeinschaftskommentar, 28. instl., Heymanns, Köln [u.a.] 2005, 140 pp. (together with Friedrich-Karl Beier † et al.).

Europäisches Patentübereinkommen. Münchner Gemeinschaftskommentar, 27. instl., Heymanns, Köln [u.a.] 2004, 17, 6, 14, 28, 7, 29 pp. (together with Friedrich-Karl Beier et al.).

Das Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Patent-, Urheber-, und Wettbewerbsrecht, München, im Spiegel seiner Veröffentlichungen. Herrn Prof. Dr. Dr.h.c.mult. Gerhard Schricker zu seiner Emeritierung gewidmet, Beck, München 2003, XXIII + 258 pp. (together with Gerhard Schricker).

Im Dienste des Geistigen Eigentums. Festansprachen aus Anlass der Emeritierung von Professor Dr. jur. Dr. jur. h.c.mult. Gerhard Schricker und des 100. Geburtstages von Prof. Dr. jur. Dr. jur. h.c. Eugen Ulmer, 26. Juni 2003, Max-Planck-Ges., München 2003, 42 pp. (together with Jürgen Basedow et al.).

Europäisches Patentübereinkommen, Münchner Gemeinschaftskommentar, 26. instl., Heymanns, Köln [u.a.] 2003, 156 pp. (together with Friedrich Karl Beier et al.).

Europäisches Patentübereinkommen. Münchner Gemeinschaftskommentar, 25. instl., Heymann, Köln [u.a.] 2002, 41, 45, 18, 40, 18, 52, 65, 12, 16, 23, 34, 14 pp. (together with Friedrich-Karl Beier et al.).

Europäisches Patentübereinkommen. Münchner Gemeinschaftskommentar, 24. instl., Heymanns, Köln [u.a.] 2000 (together with Friedrich-Karl Beier et al.).

Aktuelle Herausforderungen des geistigen Eigentums - Festgabe von Freunden und Mitarbeitern für Friedrich-Karl Beier zum 70. Geburtstag, Carl Heymanns Verlag, Köln; Berlin; Bonn; München 1996, XIX + 654 pp.

Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, Internationaler Teil. GRUR Int; Zeitschrift der Deutschen Vereinigung für Gewerblichen Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, Beck, München (together with Gerhard Schricker).

IIC. International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law, Beck, München (together with William R. Cornish et al.).

IIC Studies. Studies in Industrial Property and Copyright Law, Hart Publ., Oxford (together with Josef Drexl, Reto M. Hilty).

Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, Internationaler Teil. GRUR Int; Zeitschrift der Deutschen Vereinigung für Gewerblichen Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, Beck, München, 2012 - 2019 (together with Josef Drexl et al.).

Books and Monographs

Optionen bei der Umsetzung der Richtlinie EG 98/44 über den rechtlichen Schutz biotechnologischer Erfindungen (Publikation / Eidgenössisches Institut für Geistiges Eigentum <Bern>, 2), Eidgenössisches Institut für Geistiges Eigentum, Bern 2004, 73 pp. (together with Eidgenössisches Institut für Geistiges Eigentum).

Genetic Inventions and Patent Law.An Empirical Survey of Selected German R & D Institutions, VMD Verl., München 2004, 53 pp. (together with Henrik Holzapfel, Matthias Lindenmeir).

Software-Patente. Eine empirische Analyse aus ökonomischer und juristischer Perspektive (Technik, Wirtschaft und Politk, 49), Physica-Verl., Heidelberg 2003, XII + 266 pp. (together with Knut Blind et al.).

Parallelimporte - Erschöpfung des Patentrechts, BBL, Bern 2003, XV + 64 + 30 pp. (together with Paul Katzenberger).

• https://www.ige.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/andere/Juristische_Infos/d/j100a02d.pdf

Grace period and the European and international patent law - analysis of key legal and socio-economic aspects (IIC-Studies, 20), Verlag C.H. Beck, München 2001, XV + 114 pp.

Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz für biotechnologische Erfindungen - Analyse einiger Grundsatzfragen, Carl Heymanns Verlag, Köln/Berlin/Bonn/München 1987, X + 86 pp.

• English version: Industrial Property Protection of Biotechnological Inventions. Analysis of Certain Basic Issues, World Intellectual Property Organization Document BIG/281, Geneva 1985
• French version: La protection par le moyen de la propriété industrielle des inventions biotechnologiques – Analyse de certaines questions fondamentales, Organisation Mondiale de la Propriété Intellectuelle, Genève 1985
• Spanish version: La protección de las invenciones biotechnologicas por la propiedad industrial – Analisis de ciertas cuestiones basicas, Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual, Ginebra 1985 (1986)

Biotechnology and Patent Protection. An International Review, OECD, Paris 1985, 133 pp. (together with Friedrich-Karl Beier, R. Stephen Crespi).

• Also published in French: Biotechnologie et protection par brevet: Une analyse internationale, OCDE Paris 1985
• Also published in German: Biotechnologie und Patentschutz. Eine internationale Untersuchung der OECD. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft Weinheim/Deerfield Beach, Florida/Basel 1986
• Also published in Japanese: Baiotekunorojí to tokkyo hogo - Kokusaiteki rebyū Hatsumei Kyōkai, Tokyo 1987

Der Schutz wissenschaftlicher Forschungsergebnisse. Zugleich eine Würdigung des Genfer Vertrages über die internationale Eintragung wissenschaftlicher Entdeckungen, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim; Deerfield Beach, Florida; Basel 1982, VIII + 116 pp. (together with Friedrich-Karl Beier).

Das Wettbewerbsrecht in Jugoslawien - eine entwicklungsgeschichtliche und systematische Darstellung mit Hinweisen auf das deutsche Recht (Schriftenreihe zum gewerblichen Rechtsschutz, 19), Carl Heymanns Verlag, Köln; Berlin; Bonn; München 1970, XXVIII + 256 pp.

Contributions to Collected Editions, Commentaries, Handbooks and Encyclopaedias

Fritz Machlup's "Legacy", in: Kreation Innovation Märkte - Creation Innovation Markets - Festschrift Reto M. Hilty, Springer, Berlin; Heidelberg 2024, 789 - 806. DOI

• A “verdict” on the economic value of the patent system of the US economist Fritz Machlup published in 1958 still has an important impact on assessing the economic effects of the patent system on economic development by academic intellectual property (IP) scholars worldwide. This contribution analysis Machlup’s study as is and in the light of subsequent US and global legal and economic developments. Based on empirical data, it pays attention to the impact of the US Bayh-Dole type legislation on the translation of basic research into innovative products and processes, as well as to the impact of the new world economic order under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on economic development of developing and emerging economies. All largely ignored in critical academic writings, discussing, e.g. the specific problem of patenting human genes. The case of China, which adopted its first Patent Law in 1984, addressed in the context of Machlup’s verdict and in light of the subsequent economic, scientific and technological development of that country. Concluding thoughts consider today’s value of Machlup’s “verdict.”

Basic Research an "Orphan" of Patent Law, in: De Iure Mercatus. Libro Homenaje al Prof. Dr. h. c. Alberto Bercovitz Rodríguez Cano, Vol. I, Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia 2023, 1501 - 1529.

Patent Protection for Diagnostic Methods and its Limitations, in: Arnold Maria Raem, Peter Rauch (eds.), Immunoassays, 2. ed., Springer Publisher, Heidelberg 2023, 737 - 753.

Patentschutz für diagnostische Verfahren und seine Grenzen, in: Arnold Maria Raem, Peter Rauch (eds.), Immunoassays - Ergänzende Methoden, Troubleshooting, regulatorische Anforderungen, 2. ed., Springer Spektrum, Berlin 2023, 739 - 755. DOI

• Es ist eine unbestrittene Tatsache, dass eine schnelle und genaue Diagnose eine unabdingbare Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Behandlung jeder Gesundheitsstörung ist. Doch erst ein Ereignis wie der Pandemieausbruch des Covid-19-Virus rückt die zentrale Bedeutung der Diagnostik für die öffentliche Gesundheit ins Rampenlicht der Politik. (Zeitungen und Fachzeitschriften sind seit dem Ausbruch der Pandemie voll von Schlagzeilen, die die außergewöhnliche Bedeutung der Diagnostik betonen. Hier nur zwei frühe Beispiele: H. Kuchler/K. Stacey und K. Manson, White House Moves to Accelerate Testing, Financial Times vom 14./15. März 2020, S. 4, und S. Berkley, COVID-19 Needs a Manhattan Project, Editorial, 2020 Science 367, 1407.) Während jedoch die Wirtschaftlichkeit der risikoreichen und teuren Investitionen in Forschung und Entwicklung von Therapeutika und ihre hohen Kosten für das Gesundheitssystem häufig im Mittelpunkt öffentlicher Debatten stehen, findet die wirtschaftliche Situation der Industrie, die für die Forschung und Entwicklung (F&E) von Diagnoseverfahren und die Produktion von Diagnosemitteln verantwortlich ist, wenig Beachtung.

European Union After the Crisis: Risks and Opportunities – The Problem of "Uncomfortable Knowledge" and "Institutional Forgetfulness", in: Alessandro Cavalli et al. (ed.), Una Nuova Politica Economica e Tributaria per l’Unione Europea, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (Atti dei Convegni Lincei, 348), Bardi Edizioni, Rom 2022, 9 - 41.

McLean Sibanda – The Visionary with a Fine-Tuned Sense of Reality, in: Sibanda McLean (ed.), Footprints - Laying the Path. Intellectual Property for Innovation and Economic Development, Tracey McDonald Publishers, Bryanston 2021, 256 - 261.

Current Challenges for Law and Lawyers - From a European and Slovenian Perspective, in: 3rd Conference of Slovenian Lawyers from the World and Slovenia, Slovenian World Congress Publisher, Ljubljana 2021, 27 - 30.

­­Impact of Intellectual Property Rights on the National Science System in: Miloš Trifković (ed.), International Scientific Conference “Science system – a Factor of Stimulation or Limitation in Development”, special edition, Vol. CC, Department of Social Sciences Vol. 18, Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina Publisher, Sarajevo 2021, 271 - 297. DOI

• Translation in Bosnian-Herzegovinan language, pp. 51 -77

­­Artificial Intelligence and Patenting: Some Lessons from “DABUS” Patent Applications in: Di Conchetto Costa et al. (ed.), Studi di Diritto Commerciale per Vincenzo di Cataldo, G. Giappichelli Publisher, Turin 2021, 615 - 634.

The Visible and Invisible Drivers of the 1991 UPOV Revision, in: The CIOPORA Chronicle – UPOV 1991 – 30 Years After 2021, 28 - 31.

Preface, in: Simon Klopschinski, Christopher Gibson, Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan (eds.), The Protection of Intellectual Property under International Investment Law (Oxford International Arbitration Series), Oxford University Press, Oxford 2021, IX - XII.

Memories of the Years 1953 - 1957, in: 170 Stories of the First Gymnasium Maribor Celebrating Its 170th Anniversary, Prva Gimnazija, Maribor 2020, 247 - 251.

Preface "Knjigi na pot", in: Bojan Pretnar (ed.), Intellectual Property and Successful Market Innovations – A Handbook for Managers, Researchers and Inventors, Lexpera Publisher, Ljubljana 2020, 5 - 6.

The 1990s as Global Turning Point in International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, in: Challenges in International Business Law and the Law of the European Union. Liber Amicorum in Honour of Radovan D. Vukadinović, Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republic of Serbia, Association for European Law, Banja Luka, Kragujevac 2020, 597 - 612.

Das Binnenmarktrecht des gewerblichen Rechtsschutzes (Gesamtsystem und Patentrecht), in: Armin Hatje, Peter-Christian Müller-Graff (eds.), Enzyklopädie des Europarechts, Vol. 4, Europäisches Binnenmarkt- und Wirtschaftsordnungsrecht, 2. ed., Nomos Publisher, Baden-Baden 2020, 1237 - 1298 (together with Ralph Nack).

Patentierung und Kommerzialisierung im Bereich der Stammzellforschung, in: Martin Zenke, Lilian Marx-Stölting, Hannah Schickl (eds.), Stammzellforschung. Aktuelle wissenschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen (Forschungsberichte der Interdisziplinären Arbeitsgruppen der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 39), Nomos, Baden-Baden 2018, 237 - 276.

How Efficient is Patent Protection for Diagnostic Methods?, in: Izzivi prava v življenjski resničnosti = Challenges of law in life reality: Liber Amicorum Marko Ilešič, Univerza v Ljubljani, Pravna fakulteta, Ljubljana 2017, 437 - 488.

Some Thoughts on Complexities and Deficiencies of Patent Protection for Pharmaceuticals, in: Festschrift for Prof. Kyung Han Sohn, Science, Technology and the Law Journal, vol. XIII, 2016, The Science and Technology Law Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea, Seoul, Korea 2017, 263 - 281.

• Korean translation (pp. 283 - 298)

Patentability and Scientific Progress: Modern Biotechnology as an Example, in: Academia Nazionale dei Lincei (ed.), Giurisprudenza e scienza - convegno, Roma, 9-10 marzo 2016 (Atti dei Convegni Lincei, 310), Bardi Edizione, Rome 2017, 199 - 240.

• Event: Giurisprudenza e scienza, Roma, 2016-03-09

The 'Bolar' Exemption and the Supply of Patented Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients to Generic Drug Producers - An Attempt to Interpret Article 10(6) of Directive 2004/27/EC, in: European Intellectual Property Law (Critical Concepts in Intellectual Property Law, 13), Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA 2016, 165 - 179.

Some Thoughts on Complexities and Deficiencies of Patent Protection for Pharmaceuticals, in: Slobodan M. Markovic, Dusan V. Popovic (eds.), The Current Issues of Intellectual Property Law and Competition Law: A View from the Balkans - collected papers of the International Scientific Conference "The Role of Intellectual Property in Positioning the Economy of the Western Balkans in the Global Market", Faculty of Law of the University of Belgrade, Belgrade 2016, 11 - 27.

Patenting, in: Henk ten Have (ed.), Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, Springer International Publishing, Cham 2016, 2148 - 2157. DOI

• Biotechnology has become one of the driving forces of science and technology and an important pillar of contemporary economy. This entry examines the role which patents play in this context and the challenges they are confronted with as regards concerns of ethics and morals.

Friedrich-Karl Beier (1926-1997), in: Simon Apel, Louis Pahlow, Matthias Wießner (eds.), Biographisches Handbuch des Geistigen Eigentums, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2016, 41 - 45.

Some Thoughts on how to Improve Effective Protection of Pharmaceuticals and Lower their Costs, in: Slobodan M. Markovic, Dusan V. Popovic (eds.), The Role of Intellectual Property in Positioning the Economy of the Western Balkans in the Global Market, Faculty of Law of the University of Belgrade, Belgrade 2015, 131 - 133.

• Event: International Conference on Intellectual Property Law to Honor Professor Straus: The Role of Intellectual Property in Positioning the Economy of the Western Balkans in the Global Market, Belgrade, 2015-11-14

I brevetti come fattori determinanti per una competitività sostenibile. Il caso dell’industria meccanica italiana, in: Alberto Quadrio Curzio, Marco Fortis (eds.), Il ruolo strategico del sistema metalmeccanico Italiano. Dai metalli alla meccatronica, Società editrice Il Mulino, Bologna 2015, 143 - 181.

Courts as Pacemakers of Innovation - As Reflected in Case Law on Patentable Subject Matter, in: gIElen, een bekend begrip, Wolters Kluwer Publishers, Deventer 2015, 351 - 365.

Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz im Recht der Europäischen Union, in: Izbrani vidiki razvoja slovenskega gospodarskega in civilnega prava od srede 20. stoletja do danes (Selected Aspects of the Development of Slovenian Commerical and Civil Law from the Mid of 20th Century to Today), Liber Amicorum Bojan Zabel, Pravna fakulteta, Ljubljana 2015, 23 - 39.

Intellectual Property Rights: Ethical Aspects, in: James D. Wright (ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 12, 2. ed., Elsevier, Oxford 2015, 262 - 265.

Medicine Between Ethics and Scientific Progress: How Much Ethics Needs Medicine, How Much Ethics Can it Afford?, in: Suzana Kraljić, Jelka Reberšek Gorišek, Vesna Rijavec (eds.), Medicina in pravo: Sodobne dileme 3 (Medicine and Law: Contemporary Dilemmas 3), University of Maribor, Law Faculty, Maribor 2014, 307 - 334.

• Event: Medicina in pravo, Maribor, 2014-03-28

Das Binnenmarktrecht des gewerblichen Rechtsschutzes (Gesamtsystem und Patentrecht), in: Armin Hatje, Peter-Christian Müller-Graff (eds.), Enzyklopädie des Europarechts, Vol. 4, Europäisches Wirtschaftsordnungsrecht, Nomos Publisher, Baden-Baden 2014, 1091 - 1145.

The Impact of the New World Order on Economic Development: The Role of the Intellectual Property Rights System, in: James E. Daily, F. Scott Kieff, Arthur E. Wilmarth (eds.), Perspectives on Financing Innovation (Routledge/C-LEAF Studies in Economic and Financial Law), Routledge Publishers, Oxon and New York 2014, 102 - 117.

Preface, in: Shoukang GUO (ed.), Shoukang, Guoshoukang Faxue Wenxuan (Collected Works of GUO Shoukang on Jurisprudence - in Chinese), Beijing 2013, 6 - 8.

Courts as Pacemakers of Innovation - As Reflected in Case Law on Patentable Subject Matter, in: The Role of Courts in IP and Innovations - Proceedings of the 2013 Judicial Symposium in Korea, Supreme Court of Korea, Seoul 2013, 110 - 141.

World Economy and Intellectual Property between 1990 and 2013 - The Role of Academies in Developing Intellectual Property, in: Proceedings of Sino-German Symposium on "Cross Boarder Cooperative Innovation and Intellectual Property", School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 2013, 1 - 8.

Global Intellectual Property and Innovation Landscape in 1990 and today, in: Spory o Właśność Intelektualną - Księga jubileuszowa dedykowana Profesorom Januszowi Barcie i Ryszardowi Markiewiczowi, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2013, 1135 - 1190.

Ordre Public and Morality Issues in Patent Eligibility, in: Toshiko Takenaka (ed.), Intellectual Property In Common Law And Civil Law, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA 2013, 19 - 49.

Tokkyo sei ni okeru koukyou no chitsujyo to zenryou no fuzoku (Ordre Public and Morality Issues in Patent Eligibility), in: Toshiko Takenaka (ed.), Gendai chiteki zaisan hou kouza 3 chiteki zaisan hou no kokusai teki kousaku (Global Interface between Japanese and Foreign Intellectual Property Systems) (New Intellectual Property Law Lecture Series, 3), Nippon Hyoronsha, Tokyo 2012, 295 - 330.

Plant Variety Protection, in: Jürgen Basedow et al. (ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of European Private Law, vol. 2, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012, 1281 - 1285.

Patent Law, in: Jürgen Basedow et al. (ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of European Private Law, vol. 2, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford 2012, 1255 - 1259.

Utility Model, in: Jürgen Basedow et al. (ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of European Private Law, vol. 2, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford 2012, 1758 - 1762.

European Patent, in: Jürgen Basedow et al. (ed.), The Max Planck Encyclopedia of European Private Law, vol. 1, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford 2012, 628 - 634.

Zuowei zhuanlifa wenti zhi jiyin ziyuan qiyuan de shuoming (Angabe des Ursprungs genetischer Ressourcen als Problem des Patentrechts), in: Liu Xiaohai (ed.), Deguo zhishichanquan lilun yu jingdian panli yanjiu (Theorie des geistigen Eigentums in Deutschland und Untersuchung klassischer Fälle), Zhishi chanquan chubanshe (Geistiges-Eigentum-Verlag), Peking 2012, 19 - 29.

Das Regime des European Telecommunications Standards Institute – ETSI: Grundsätze, anwendbares Recht und die Wirkung der ETSI gegenüber abgegebenen Erklärungen, in: Liber amicorum Krešimir Sajko: zbornik radova u čast prof. em. Krešimiru Sajku, Pravni Fak., Zagreb 2012, 45 - 78.

Zur Patentierung humaner embryonaler Stammzellen in Europa, in: Brigitte Tag (ed.), Lebensbeginn im Spiegel des Medizinrechts - Beiträge der 2. Tagung der Medizinrechtslehrerinnen und Medizinrechtslehrer 2010 in Zürich, Nomos, Baden-Baden 2011, 115 - 147.

• Event: 2. Tagung der Medizinrechtslehrerinnen und Medizinrechtslehrer, Zürich, 2010-05-14

Teaching Patents, in: Yo Takagi, Larry Allman, Mpazi A. Sinjela (eds.), Teaching of Intellectual Property, Intellectual Property Press, Beijing 2011, 12 - 30.

The Role of Digital Rights Management (DRM) Technology in Contemporary Copyright, in: International Forum on the Centennial of Chinese Copyright Legislation (ed.), Thesis Compilation, Renmin University of China, Peking 2010, 728 - 732.

Veröffentlichte Euro-PCT-Anmeldung als fiktiver Stand der Technik nach Art. 54 (3) EPÜ und die Vernichtung von Amtsakten im Europäischen Patentamt, in: Festschrift für Michael Loschelder zum 65. Geburtstag, Schmidt, Köln 2010, 379 - 390.

The Impact of the New World Order on Economic Development: The Role of the Intellectual Property Rights System, in: Anuario Andino de derechos intelectuales, vol. 6, Palestra Ed., Lima 2010, 59 - 73.

Is The Patent System Fit to Meet the Needs of the "Triple Helix" Alliance?, in: 20 Jahre Europäische Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste - Festschrift, VDG Verlag, Weimar 2009, 371 - 385.

Preface, in: Joseph Straus (ed.), The Role of Law and Ethics in the Globalized Economy, Springer, Berlin; Heidelberg 2009, V - IX.

Zur Rolle klinischer Versuche beim Zustandekommen von sogenannten Auswahlerfindungen, in: Patentrecht - Festschrift für Thomas Reimann zum 65.Geburtstag, Heymanns, Köln 2009, 471 - 484.

Opening Address, in: Joseph Straus (ed.), The Role of Law and Ethics in the Globalized Economy, Springer, Berlin; Heidelberg 2009, XV - XVI.

O Impacto da Nova Ordem Mundial no Desenvolvimento Econômico - O Papel do Regime dos Direitos de Propriedade Intelectual, in: IDS - Instituto Dannemann Siemsen de Estudos Juridicos e Técnicos (ed.), Propriedade intelectual - plataforma para o desenvolvimento, Renovar, Rio de Janeiro 2009, 123 - 154.

Europäisches Patent - Gemeinschaftspatent, in: Jürgen Basedow, Klaus J. Hopt, Reinhard Zimmermann (eds.), Handwörterbuch des europäischen Privatrechts, Bd. 1: Abschlussprüfer - Kartellverfahrensrecht, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2009, 543 - 548.

Gebrauchsmusterrecht, in: Jürgen Basedow, Klaus J. Hopt, Reinhard Zimmermann (eds.), Handwörterbuch des europäischen Privatrechts, Bd. 1: Abschlussprüfer - Kartellverfahrensrecht, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2009, 636 - 641.

Sortenschutz, in: Jürgen Basedow, Klaus J. Hopt, Reinhard Zimmermann (eds.), Handwörterbuch des europäischen Privatrechts, Bd. 2: Kauf - Zwingendes Recht, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2009, 1416 - 1421.

Gebietsbeschränkte Übertragung von Patenten und Patentportfolios und Erschöpfung des Patentrechts in der Europäischen Gemeinschaft, in: Schutz von Kreativität und Wettbewerb - Festschrift für Ulrich Loewenheim zum 75. Geburtstag, C.H. Beck, München 2009, 309 - 321.

Patentrecht, in: Jürgen Basedow, Klaus J. Hopt, Reinhard Zimmermann (eds.), Handwörterbuch des europäischen Privatrechts, Bd. 2: Kauf - Zwingendes Recht, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2009, 1136 - 1140.

Introduction, in: Paul Goldstein, Joseph Straus (eds.), Intellectual Property in Asia - Law, Economics, History and Politics, Springer, Berlin [u.a.] 2009, V - XI (together with Paul Goldstein).

Der Schutz von Geschäftsmethoden und andere patentrechtliche Fragestellungen im Lichte der aktuellen Finanzmarktkrise, in: Festschrift für Peter Mes zum 65. Geburtstag, C.H. Beck, München 2009, 327 - 351 (together with Simon Klopschinski).

Vorwort (Predgovor), in: Dunja Jadek Pensa (ed.), Znamka, njen ugled in varstvo, Uradni List RS, Ljubljana 2008, 17 - 19.

Is the Patent System Fit to Meet the Needs of the "Triple Helix" Alliance?, in: Opportunities and Challenges for Intellectual Property - Taiwan, Mainland China, and International Intellectual Property Development, Essays in Honor of the Retirement of Professor Paul C.B. Liu, Vol. 1, Angle Publishing, Taipei 2008, 179 - 206.

Intellectual Property vs. Academic Freedom? - A Complex Relationship within the Innovation Ecosystem, in: Lars Engwall, Denis Weaire (eds.), The University and the Market, Portland Press, London 2008, 53 - 65.

Teaching Patents, in: Yo Takagi, Larry Allman, Mpazi A. Sinjela (eds.), Teaching of Intellectual Property, Cambridge University Press, WIPO Academy, World Intellectual Property Organization, Cambridge 2008, 13 - 32.

The Scope of Protection Conferred by European Patents on Transgenic Plants and on Methods for Their Production, in: Festskrift till Marianne Levin, Norstedts Juridik, Stockholm 2008, 643 - 657.

Neighbouring Rights. National and International Developments, in: Eugen Ulmer (ed.), International Encyclopedia of Comparative Law, Vol. XIV: Copyright, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2007, 3 - 33.

Prior Informed Consent and European Patent Law, in: Korean Intellectual Property Office (ed.), Learned Papers on Intellectual Property (KIRO's 30th Anniversary Publication, 2), Korean Intellectual Property Office, Daejeon 2007, 397 - 417.

Recursos de Pré-concessão e Revisão Pós-concessão no Âmbito da Convenção Sobre a Patente Européia, in: Edson Beas Rodrigues Junior, Fabrício Polido (eds.), Propriedade Intelectual - Novos Paradigmas Internacionais, Conflitos e Desafios, Elsevier, Rio de Janeiro 2007, 3 - 18.

The concept and meaning of quality in the European patent system, in: Conference Proceedings "Quality in the European Patent System", European Patent Office, Munich 2006, 15 - 25.

• Event: Quality in the European Patent System, Den Haag, 2005-11-21

Priority Right, 35 U.S.C. Section 102 (d) Bar and the TRIPS Obligations of the USA – A last Chance to Analyze the Issue?, in: Festschrift für Eike Ullmann, juris GmbH, Saarbrücken 2006, 515 - 544.

Access to Patented Plant Material for Plant Breeders - The Problem and the German Solution, Recent Development of the Academic Disputes on the Intellectual Property Laws and the Competition Law, in: Publication of Articles in commemoration of the 70th Birthday of Professor Dr. Nobuo Monya, Japan Institute of Invention and Innovation, Tokio 2006, 1310 - 1298.

Protection of Further Medical Uses and the Research Exemption Serving Medical Progress (Questões Atuais em Direito Patentário), in: 24 Seminário Nacional da Propriedade Intelectual, ABPI, Rio de Janeiro 2005, 100 - 103.

• Event: Propriedade Intelectual: Crescimento Econômico com Responsabilidade Social, Brasilia, 2004-08-16

Employees Inventions and Innovation Law, in: Associação Brasileira da Propriedade Intelectual (ed.), Seminário nacional da propriedade intelectual, Anais 2004, vol. 24, ABPI, Rio de Janeiro 2005, 49 - 53.

• Event: XXVIV Seminário nacional da propriedade intelectual: "Propriedade Intelectual: Crescimento economico com responsibilidad social", Brasilia, 2004-08-16

Reach-Through Claims and Research Tools as Recent Issues of Patent Law, in: Homenaje a A. Bercovitz. Estudios sobre propiedad industrial e intellectual y derecho de la competencia, 2. ed., Grupo Español de la AIPPI, Barcelona 2005, 919 - 929.

Zur Gleichbehandlung aller Diensterfindungen – Überlegungen zur angestrebten Reform des Gesetzes über Arbeitnehmererfindunge, in: Festschrift für Kurt Bartenbach zum 65. Geburtstag am 9. Dezember 2004, Heymanns, Köln 2005, 111 - 125.

Intellectual Property and Science – A Complex Partnership, in: Pieter J.D. Drenth, Johannes J.F. Schroots (eds.), Critical Topics in Science and Scholarship. ALLEA Biennial Yearbook 2004, ALLEA, Amsterdam 2005, 19 - 28.

TRIPS, TRIPS-plus oder TRIPS-minus – Zur Zukunft des internationalen Schutzes des geistigen Eigentums, in: Perspektiven des Geistigen Eigentums und Wettbewerbsrechts – Festschrift für Gerhard Schricker zum 70. Geburtstag, Beck, München 2005, 197 - 212.

Biowissenschaftliche Eigentumsrechte. Belange der Entwicklungsländer, in: Rudolf Dolzer, Matthias Herdegen, Bernhard Vogel (eds.), Biowissenschaften und ihre völkerrechtlichen Herausforderungen, Herder, Freiburg; Basel; Wien 2005, 200 - 213.

Patents on Biomaterial – A New Colonialism or a Means for Technology Transfer and Benefit-Sharing?, in: Felix Thiele, Richard E. Ashcroft (eds.), Bioethics in a Small World (Wissenschaftsethik und Technikfolgenbeurteilung, 24), Springer, Heidelberg 2005, 45 - 72.

Zur Patentierbarkeit von Verfahren zur Herstellung individuumsspezifischer Arzneimittel, in: Prawo Prywatne Czasu Przemian. Księga pamiątkowa dedykowana Profesorowi Stanisławowi Sołtysińskiemu - Festschrift für Stanislaw Soltysinski, Universität Adam Miekiewicz, Poznan 2005, 739 - 756 (together with Karolina Herrlinger).

Informierte Zustimmung und Patentrecht, in: Ksiega pamiatkowa ku czci Profesora Janusza Szwaji (Festschrift Janusz Szwaja zum 70. Geburtstag) (Prace z wynalazczości i ochrony własności intelektualnej, 88), Jagiellonian University, Krakow 2004, 35 - 54.

Genomics and the Food Industry – Outlook from an Intellectual Property Perspective, in: Intellectual Property in the New Millennium. Essays in honour of William R. Cornish, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge 2004, 124 - 136.

Patentierung von Leben?, in: Hans-Peter Schreiber (ed.), Biomedizin und Ethik. Praxis, Recht, Moral, Birkhäuser, Basel; Boston; Berlin 2004, 50 - 55.

Patenting of Life Forms - The European Experience and Perspectives, in: Thomas Cottier, Petros Constantinos Mavroidis (eds.), Intellectual Property. Trade, Competition and Sustainable Development (World Trade Forum: World trade forum, 3), The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor 2003, 341 - 358.

Vorwort, in: Das Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Patent-, Urheber-, und Wettbewerbsrecht, München, im Spiegel seiner Veröffentlichungen, Herrn Prof. Dr. Dr.h.c.mult. Gerhard Schricker zu seiner Emeritierung gewidmet, Beck, München 2003, VII - IX.

Eugen Ulmer, Gerhard Schricker und das Max-Planck-Institut, in: Im Dienste des Geistigen Eigentums. Festansprachen aus Anlass der Emeritierung von Professor Dr. jur. Dr. jur. h.c.mult. Gerhard Schricker und des 100. Geburtstages von Prof. Dr. jur. Dr. jur. h.c. Eugen Ulmer; 26. Juni 2003, MPG, München 2003, 5 - 10.

Product Patents on Human DNA Sequences: An Obstacle for Implementing the EU-Directive?, in: F. Scott Kieff (ed.), Perspectives on Properties of the Human Genome Project (Advances in genetics, 50), Elsevier, San Diego 2003, 65 - 78.

Patentschutz durch TRIPS-Abkommen - Ausnahmeregelungen und -praktiken und ihre Bedeutungen, insbesondere hinsichtlich pharmazeutischer Produkte, in: Bitburger Gespräche. Jahrbuch 2003, Beck, München 2003, 117 - 133.

Measures Necessary for the Balanced Co-Existence of Patents and Plant Breeders' Rights - A Predominantly European View, WIPO-UPOV/SYM/02/7 2002.

• Event: WIPO-UPOV Symposium on the Co-Existence of Patents and Plant Breeders' Rights in the Promotion of Biotechnological Developments, Geneva, 2002-10-25

Kommerzielle und patentrechtliche Aspekte der Genomforschung, in: Gottfried Orth (ed.), Forschen und tun was möglich ist? (Ethik in der Praxis: Kontroversen, 12), LIT, Münster 2002, 45 - 62.

The Grace Period in Patent Law - A Look at Europe (Kapitel 27), in: Hugh C. Hansen (ed.), International Intellectual Property Law & Policy, Juris Publ., Yonkers, NY 2002, 27.1 - 27.5.

Protection of Computer-related and Business Model Inventions - Opening Address at the International Forum "Protection of Computer-related and Business Model Inventions", in: European Patent Office (ed.), Proceedings International Forum for the Protection of Computer-related and Business Model Inventions, 21 and 22 November 2002, EPO, München 2002, 12 - 13.

Recent Developments and Challenges in the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRS), in: World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), National Intellectual Property Association of Bulgaria (eds.), International Conference on Intellectual Property, the Internet, Electronic Commerce and Traditional Knowledge (WIPO/ECTK/SOF/01/2) 2001.

• Event: International Conference on Intellectual Property, the Internet, Electronic Commerce and traditional knowledge, Boyana Government Residence, Sofia, 2001-05-29

Patenting Genes and Gene Therapy - Legal and Ethical Aspects, in: Gregory R. Bock, Dalia Cohen, Jamie A. Goode (eds.), From Genome to Therapy - Integrating New Technologies with Drug Development (Novartis Foundation symposium, 229), Wiley, Chichester, New York, Weinheim, Brisbane, Singapore, Toronto 2000, 112 - 117.

Experiments with Drugs: The Problem of Clinical Trials - The Situation in Germany, in: Geertrui Van Overwalle (ed.), Octrooirecht en Geneesmiddelen (Centrum voor Intellectuele Rechten, 16), 6. ed., Bruylant, Brussels 2000, 107 - 120.

Der Schutz des geistigen Eigentums in der Welthandelsorganisation: Konsequenzen des TRIPS für die EG und ihre Mitgliedsstaaten, in: Peter-Christian Müller-Graff (ed.), Die Europäische Gemeinschaft in der Welthandelsorganisation - Globalisierung und Weltmarktrecht als Herausforderung für Europa (Schriftenreihe des Arbeitskreises Europäische Integration e.V., 47), Nomos, Baden-Baden 2000, 157 - 176.

Wem gehört das Genom?, in: Detlev Ganten (ed.), Gene, Neurone, Qubits & Co. - Unsere Welten der Information (Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte, 120), Hirzel, Stuttgart; Leipzig 1999, 217 - 224.

Intellecual Property Rights in Human Genome Research Results - The U.S. and European Approach - Common Problems, Different Solutions?, in: German-American Academic Council Foundation (GAAC) (ed.), GAAC 4th Public Symposium "The Changing Character, Use and Protection of Intellectual Property", Washington, D.C. 1999, 85 - 95.

• Event: GAAC 4th Public Symposium "The Changing Character, Use and Protection of Intellectual Property", Washington, D.C., 1998-12-03

Priority Right and Period of "Grace" under the European Patent Law - Two Separate Issues, in: Global Perspectives of Contemporary Intellectual Property Issues, a Collection of Works Written in Commemoration of the Seventieth Birthday of Peter Dirk Siemsen, PVDI Design, Rio de Janeiro 1999, 351 - 365.

Latest Developments in Biotechnology - Gene Modification Techniques as they Relate to IPRs, in: Jill M. Shuman (ed.), Intellectual Property Rights and Their Special Impact on Biotechnology, Medicine in the Public Interest, Boston and Washington 1999, 15 - 17.

• Event: Conference held at the Tufts University European Center, Talloires, France, 1998-05-18

Intellectual Property and the European Human Genome Research - Some Dilemmas, in: Festskrift till Gunnar Karnell, Carlsson Law Network, Stockholm 1999, 745 - 759.

Journal Articles

Artificial Intelligence and Patenting: Some Lessons from "Dabus" Patent Applications, EIPR 44, 6 (2022), 348 - 358.

• Artificial intelligence (AI) has outgrown the stage of theoretical research. Since 2001 some 340,000 AI-related patent applications have been filed. The fact that AI techniques enable machines to learn iteratively from data and experience and think in concepts and eventually turn them into a source of new knowledge, raises a number of patent law relevant questions. This article gives a brief insight into the main AI tools, presents academic views questioning the suitability of patent law to deal adequately with the challenging AI techniques, as well as the respective views of those actively involved in administering and using the patent system. It analyses the patent applications of Dr. Stephen Thaler, indicating the DABUS machine as inventor, holistically. It is not limited to the question, whether a machine can be named "inventor", as exclusively addressed by courts and patent granting authorities. Based on the DABUS facts, the contribution examines, whether the DABUS autonomously generated the claimed invention, whether Thaler had disclosed the relevant prior art, whether the disclosure requirements met, how the person skilled in the art be defined, how examiners be equipped, and the necessary search strategies in cases dealing with AI-related inventions.

The European Union after the Crisis: Risks and Opportunities - The Problem of "Uncomfortable Knowledge" and "Institutionalised Forgetfulness", Zbornik Znanstvenih Razprav: Ljubljana Law Review 82 (2022), 9 - 41. DOI

Will Artificial Intelligence Change some Patent Law Paradigms?, Zbornik znanstvenih razprav / Univerza v Ljubljani, Pravna Fakulteta (Collection of Scientific Papers / University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Law) 2021, 11 - 61. DOI

Artificial Intelligence – Challenges and Chances for Europe, European Review 29, 1 (2021), 142 - 158. DOI

• As one of the building blocks of the fourth industrial revolution, artificial intelligence has attracted much public attention and sparked protracted discussions about its impact on future technological, economic and social developments. This contribution conveys insights into artificial intelligence’s basic methods and tools, its main achievements, its economic environment and the surrounding ethical and social issues. Based on the announced and taken measures of the EU organs in the area of artificial intelligence, the contribution analyses the position of Europe in the global context.

The Intellectual Property System as a Catalyst for Socio-Economic Development for Middle Income Countries – Lessons from South Africa, EIPR 42, 11 (2020), 738 - 750 (together with McLean Sibanda).

• For low and middle-income countries increasing their R&D and technological base, international technology transfer could be an effective tool to accelerate their development. This article looks at South Africa’s patent system and development aspirations as set out in the National Development Plan (Vision 2030), and discusses these within the context of the changes in the macroeconomic environment as well as intellectual property landscape over the period 1996–2015. Based on South Africa’s technological capabilities as reflected in patent data, this article proposes a number of interventions that could ensure that the intellectual property system becomes a catalyst for fostering South Africa’s development goals. This article places specific emphasis on transfer of technology, including the adaptation of foreign developed intellectual property to supplement South Africa’s new technological capabilities in a few technological areas, in order to build new industries and catalyse development. This article advocates that the South African Government should support genuine innovation and the import of important technologies with a range of incentives to propel the private sector in order to realise the country’s developmental objective. The case of South Africa could be particularly useful for low and other middle-income countries on how to use the intellectual property system for their socio-economic development.

Pravni red na prepihu – Evropa na pragu 100. obletnice versajske mirovne pogodbe (Legal Order in the Draft: Europe on the Eve of the 100th Anniversary of the Treaty of Versailles, extended, adapted and updated Slovene translation of the English version published in the Annals of Fondazione Luigi Einaudi 2018/1, pp. 95 - 106), Festive Lecture on the Occasion of the 80th Anniversary of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Yearbook of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts 69 (2019), 11 - 24.

The Right to Priority in Article 4A (1) of the Paris Convention and Article 87 (1) of the European Patent Convention, Journal of intellectual property law & practice 14, 9 (2019), 687 - 698. DOI

Issues Surrounding Deposit and Release of Biological Material for Patent Granting Procedures, European intellectual property review 41, 9 (2019), 546 - 554.

Pravni red na prepihu – Evropa na pragu 100. obletnice versajske mirovne pogodbe (Legal Order in the Draft: Europe on the Eve of the 100th Anniversary of the Treaty of Versailles, extended, adapted and updated Slovene translation of the English version published in the Annals of Fondazione Luigi Einaudi), Pravnik 135, 11/12 (2018), 777 - 791.

Legal Order in the Draft: Europe on the Eve of the 100th Anniversary of the Treaty of Versailles, Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi 52, 1-2018 (2018), 95 - 106. DOI

The 'Bolar' Exemption and the Supply of Patented Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients to Generic Drug Producers - An Attempt to Interpret Article 10(6) of Directive 2004/27 (Chinese translation: Bolar li wai yi ji xiang fang zhi yao chang shang ti gong zhuan li huo xing yao wu cheng fen - dui di 2004/27 hao zhi ling di 10 tiao di 6 kuan de jie du), Zhi Shi Chan Quan Yu Jing Zheng Fa Yan Jiu (IP and Competition Law Review) 3 (2017), 129 - 164.

Intellectual property rights and bioeconomy, Journal of intellectual property law & practice 12, 7 (2017), 576 - 590. DOI

Research, Exploitation and Patenting in the Area of Human Embryonic Stem Cells in Europe – A Case of Concern Causing Inconsistency, European review 25, 1 (2017), 107 - 120. DOI

• Research on human embryonic stem cells, their exploitation and patenting is a highly controversial issue. This contribution provides for some basic understanding of technologies involved. It discusses ethical issues and legal rules dealing with the research and exploitation of stem cells in Europe. Moreover, it presents and analyses in some detail the statutory provisions of the EU in dealing with the patenting of human embryonic stem cells and the interpretation and application of those rules by the Court of Justice of the European Union. Finally, the resulting inconsistencies of the system as applied are critically analysed and a suggestion how to resolve them offered.

"Pay for Delay" – A Subtly Hidden, Overlooked or Ignored Transatlantic Divide – Exemplified on the Actavis Decision of the US Supreme Court and the Servier Decision of the EU Commission, Zbornik znastvenih razprav (Collection of Scientific Essays) LXXVI (2016), 197 - 234.

Can Antitrust Adequately Assess Patent Settlement Agreements Disconnected from Patent Law Relevant Facts? - The Servier Case – Its Public Perception and its Underlying Facts, EIPR 38, 9 (2016), 533 - 544.

How Much Patenting is Needed for Sustainable Global Competitiveness? The Case of Italian Mechanical Engineering Industry, Journal of intellectual property law & practice 11, 6 (2016), 450 - 459. DOI

Medicine Between Ethics and Scientific Progress: How Much Ethics Needs Medicine, How Much Ethics Can it Afford?, Medicine, Law & Society 8, 1 (2015), 47 - 76.

• The progress of medicine is heavily dependent on the progress of science and technology, which in turn depend on costly and risky investment in research and development. In this contribution, based on some concrete examples, new scientific achievements are presented as basis of modern medicine and source of ethical concerns. Addressed are also the role of scientists in coping with safety in ethical concerns as regards hazards of new technologies, costs of R&D investment in drug development and the role of patents in this context. In some detail the legal situation existing at an international and European level as regards exclusions from patentability based on reasons of ethics and morals is presented. A critical appraisal of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union as regards patentability of embryonic stem cells is offered.

The 'Bolar' Exemption and the Supply of Patented Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients to Generic Drug Producers - An Attempt to Interpret Article 10(6) of Directive 2004/27/EC, Journal of intellectual property law & practice 9, 11 (2014), 895 - 908. DOI

• Under the EU 'Bolar' exemption studies and trials necessary to gain regulatory approval for generic medicinal products do not constitute patent infringement. In this article the author examines the coverage of the ‘Bolar’-rule in the broader context of the Community law in which it is embedded. He also addresses the compliance of this Community rule with the TRIPS Agreement. More specifically the author discusses the issue of third parties supply of patented active ingredients to generic drug companies for regulatory authorization and makes suggestions how it sould be solved under the ‘Bolar’-rule.

Regime of European Telecommunication Standards Institute-ETSI: Policy, Applicable Law and Effect of ETSI against Given Declarations (Ou Zhou Dian Xin Biao Zhun Zu Zhi ESTI De Yuan Ze,Zhun Ju Fa Ji Xiang ESTI Suo Zuo Sheng Ming Zhi Xiao Li, translated by Jiang Ge, Zeyi), Intellectual Property and Competition Law Review 2 (2014), 287 - 321.

A Marriage of Convenience: World Economy and Intellectual Property from 1990 to 2012 (Quan Yi Zhi Hun Yin: 1990 Nian zhi 2012 Nian Jian Shi Jie Jing Ji Yu Zhi Shi Chan Quan), translated by Gao Han, corrected by Zhang Taolue & Xu Zeyi, Intellectual Property and Competition Law Review 2 (2014), 3 - 56.

Režim Európskeho inštitutu pre telekomunikačné normy – ETSI: Zásady, rozhodné právo a účinok ETSI voči predloženým vyhláseniam (translation from German into Slovak language), Právny obzor 2013, 543 - 566.

Professor José Antonio Gómez Segade and the Munich Max-Planck-Institute - Contribution in honor of Prof. José Antonio Gómez Segade, Actas de derecho Industrial y derecho de Autor 2013, 58 - 60.

ATRIP and the Changing Environment - A Retrospective, The WIPO journal 4, 2 (2013), 242 - 247.

Zhuan Li Shen Qing Gou Cheng “Ou Gong Ti Tiao Yue” Di 82 Tiao De Lan Yong Shi Chang Zhi Pei Di Wei? (Patent Application: An Abuse of Dominant Market Position under Article 82 EC Treaty?), Zhi Shi Chan Quan Yu Jing Zheng Fa Yan Jiu (IP and Competition Law Review) 2012, 3 - 31.

Juan Shou Yu Yi (A Word of Welcome), Zhi Shi Chan Quan Yu Jing Zheng Fa Yan Jiu (IP and Competition Law Review) 2012, 1 - 2.

A Marriage of Convenience: World Economy and Intellectual Property From 1990 to 2012, AIPLA Quarterly Journal 40, 4 (2012), 633 - 683.

EPC Article 105(1) Practice Curtails Interveners' Rights, Journal of intellectual property law & practice 7, 11 (2012), 801 - 804.

Das Regime des European Telecommunications Standards Institute – ETSI: Grundsätze, anwendbares Recht und die Wirkung der ETSI gegenüber abgegebenen Erklärungen, GRUR Int 60, 6 (2011), 469 - 480.

Yinhang shichang weiji xia de shangyebanfa baohu he qita zhuanlifa wenti (Patentschutz von Geschäftsmethoden und andere patentrechtliche Probleme unter dem Eindruck der Finanzmarktkrise), Zhuanlifa-yanjiu 2010, 114 (together with Simon Klopschinski).

Patent Application: Obstacle for Innovation and Abuse of Dominant Position under Article 102 TFEU?, Journal of European competition law & practice 1, 3 (2010), 189 - 201.

Zur Patentierung humaner embryonaler Stammzellen in Europa - Verwendet die Stammzellforschung menschliche Embryonen für industrielle oder kommerzielle Zwecke?, GRUR Int 59, 11 (2010), 911 - 923.

Patentanmeldung als Missbrauch der marktbeherrschenden Stellung nach Art. 82 EGV?, GRUR Int 58, 2 (2009), 93 - 106.

Priority Right, 35 U.S.C. § 102(d) Bar and the TRIPS Obligations of the USA: A Last Chance to Analyze the Issue, Journal of the Patent and Trademark Office Society 91, 6 (2009), 375 - 397.

Is There a Global Warming of Patents? (enlarged version), The Journal of World Intellectual Property 11, 1 (2008), 58 - 62.

How to Break the Deadlock Preventing a Fair and Rational Use of Biodiversity?, The Journal of World Intellectual Property 11, 4 (2008), 229 - 295.

The Impact of the New World Order on Economic Development - The Role of Intellectual Property Rights, European review 15, 1 (2007), 47 - 63.

Patenting of Biomaterial - A New Colonialism or Technology Transfer to the Mutual Benefit?, Zhuanlifa-Yanjiu 2007, 52 - 82.

Harmonisierung des internationalen Patentrechts, GRUR Int 56, 2 (2007), 91 - 104 (together with Nina Sophie Klunker).

Harmonisation of International Patent Law, IIC 38, 8 (2007), 907 - 936 (together with Nina-Sophie Klunker).

Global Warming of Patents? (In Japanese), Chi zai ken forum 71 (2007), 1.

The Impact on the New World Order on Economic Development - The Role of Intellectual Property Rights, John Marshall Review of Intellectual Property Law 6.1 (2006), 1 - 16.

Retirement of the Programme Committee Chairman, AIPPI Newsletter 21/3-06 (2006), 8.

O ulozi intelektualne svojine u novom svetskom ekonomskom poretku (On the Role of Intellectual Property in the New World Economic Order), Evropski pravnik 3 (2006), 25 - 40.

The Impact of the New World Order on Economic Development: The Role of the Intellectual Property Rights System, John Marshall Review of Intellectual Property Law 6, 1 (2006), 10 - 17.

Good Bye and Good Luck Programme Committee, AIPPI Newsletter 21, 3-06 (2006), 8.

On the New Role of Intellectual Property Rights in the Globalized Economy (in Chinese), China Intellectual Property News 2005, 3.

Design Protection for Spare Parts Gone in Europe? Proposed Changes to the EC Directive: The Commission's Mandate and its Doubtful Execution, EIPR 27, 11 (2005), 391 - 404.

Ende des Geschmacksmusterschutzes für Ersatzteile in Europa? Vorgeschlagene Änderungen der EU Richtlinie: Das Mandat der Kommission und seine zweifelhafte Ausführung, GRUR Int 54, 12 (2005), 965 - 979.

Scientific Programme for the Congress in Gothenburg, October 2006, AIPPI Newsletter 17.3 (2005), 4 - 5.2005.

Zur Patentierbarkeit von Verfahren zur Herstellung individuumspezifischer Arzneimittel, GRUR Int 54, 11 (2005), 869 - 876 (together with Karolina Herrlinger).

Patentová ochrana podl'a Dohody TRIPS (Patentschutz im Rahmen des TRIPS-Übereinkommens), Dusevne vlastnictvo 6 (2004), 6 - 14.

Angabe des Ursprungs genetischer Ressourcen als Problem des Patentrechts, GRUR Int 53, 9 (2004), 792 - 796.

Zur Patentierbarkeit von embryonalen Stammzellen nach europäischem Recht, Jahrbuch für Wissenschaft und Ethik 9 (2004), 111 - 129.

Der Beitrag Deutschlands zur Entwicklung des internationalen gewerblichen Rechtsschutzes, GRUR Int 52, 10 (2003), 805 - 812.

Product patents on human DNA sequences - where do we stand in Europe?, Comptes Rendus Biologies 326, 10/11 (2003), 1111 - 1114.

An Updating Concerning the Protection of Biotechnological Inventions including the Scope of Patents for Genes - An Academic Point of View, Official Journal - European Patent Office 26, Sonderausgabe 2 (2003), 166 - 189.

Scientific Programme of AIPPI for Geneva Congress 2004, AIPPI Newsletter 10 (2003), 6 - 7.2003.

The Need to Protect Intellectual Property in Plant Science, Syngenta Lectures 2 (2003), 34 - 41.

La inversión de la carga de la prueba, el principio de "procedimientos justos y razonables" y las medidas cautelares, previstos en el Acuerdo TRIPS, LexisNexis Jurisprudencia Argentina, nùmero special: Propriedad intelectual: protecciòn cautelar y competencia 2002, 3 - 14.

Pre-Grant Appeal and Post-Grant Review Under the European Patent Convention, Nordiskt immateriellt rättsskydd 2002, 462 - 476.

Illusionsloser Blick in privileglose Zukunft, Nachrichten aus der Chemie 2002, 1329.

Scientific Programme for EXCO Seoul, AIPPI Newsletter 6/4-02 (2002), 8 - 9.2002.

Das entfesselte Patent - Was die Änderung des Edinburgher Antrags bedeutet, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 2000, 41.

Gerät das Patentrecht außer Kontrolle? Missverständnisse bei der Empörung über eine Entscheidung des Europäischen Parlaments, FAZ 06.03.2000, 10.

• Auch erschienen in: Special edition of the Gazette of the European Patent Office, May 20, S. 4 - 7
• Englische Übersetzung in: Special edition of the Gazette of the European Patent Office, May 20, S. 8 - 11 = Patent Law Getting Out of Hand? Misconceptions in the Outcry Against a Decision of the European Patent Office
• Französische Übersetzung in: Special edition of the Gazette of the European Patent Office, May 20, S. 12 - 15 = Risque de dérapage du droit des brevets - Les malentendus á la origine des création d'indignation suscitées par une décision de l'office européen des brevets

How Can the Developing World Protect Itself From Biotech Patent-Holders, Nature 406 (2000), 455.

Patent Litigation in Europe - A Glimmer of Hope? Present Status and Future Perspectives, Washington University Journal of Law and Policy 2 (2000), 403 - 428.

Biotechnology and Patents, Chimia 54, 5 (2000), 293 - 298.

Genpatentierung - Eine "abstruse Idee?" - Betrachtungen aus Anlass der EU-Biotechnologierichtlinie 98/44/EG, Deutsches Ärzteblatt 16 (2000).

• Auch veröffentlicht in: Raem, A.M., Braun, R.W., Fenger, H., Michaelis, W., Nikol, S., Winter, S. F. (eds.): Gen-Medizin - Eine Bestandsaufnahme, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, New York 2000, S. 759 - 765

Europäisierung der Bio-Patente: Widersprüche in den maßgeblichen Regelungen beseitigt/ab heute geänderte Vergabepraxis, FAZ 01.09.1999, N2.

The Development of Equivalence in Legal Theory and Case Law in Germany Before and After EPC, Nordiskt immateriellt rättsskydd 1999, 459 - 474.

Der gestiegene Stellenwert der Rechte des geistigen Eigentums, FUTURE, The Hoechst Magazine 1 (1999), 83 - 84.

• Englische Übersetzung unter dem Titel: The Growing Importance of Intellectual Property Rights, FUTURE, The Hoechst Magazine 1/99, 83 - 84

On the Admissibility of ‘Biological Equivalence Tests‘ During the Patent Term for Obtaining a Regulatory Approval for Patented Drugs by Third Parties - A Study in German and Comparative Law, AIPPI Journal of the Japanese Group 1998, 211 - 246.

• Japanese translation in 44 AIPPI Journal of the Japanese Group, No. 2 1999, 2 - 31

Case notes

Decision of the Court of the European Union of October 18, 2011 – Case C-34/10 – "Oliver Brüstle v. Greenpeace", GRUR Int 60 (2011), 1048 - 1050.

Reviews

Review of: Baiocchi, Enzo: Der Schutz bekannter Marken unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der zivilrechtlichen Sanktionen - Eine Rechtsvergleichung zwischen dem deutsch-europäischen und dem brasilianisch-südamerikanischen Markenrecht, (Schriftenreihe zum gewerblichen Rechtsschutz; 180), Heymanns, Köln 2012, XXXV + 562 S., ISBN 978-3-452-27731-2, Mitteilungen der deutschen Patentanwälte 103, 7/8 (2012), 375 - 376.

Review of: Plomer, Aurora/ Torremans, Paul (Hrsg.): Embryonic Stem Cell Patents – European Law and Ethics. Oxford University Press, Oxford New York 2009, 433 S., ISBN 978-0-19-954346-5, GRUR Int 59, 12 (2010), 1104 - 1106.

Research Papers

Von Reagan lernen – Wirtschaftsexperten misstrauen? (Learn from Reagan – Suspect Economists?), 2020, 8 pp. DOI

• Unter dem Titel „Von Reagan lernen“ haben in der Wochenzeitung „Die Zeit“ vom 18. Dezember 2019 die Ökonomen Kai Konrad und Jörg Rocholl einen Vorschlag zur nachhaltigen Belebung der deutschen Wirtschaft unterbreitet. In Anlehnung an Reagan schlagen sie vor, Unternehmen zu erlauben, „Investitionen sofort oder zumindest deutlich beschleunigt gegen Gewinne zu verrechnen – und nicht erst dann, wenn die Investitionsgüter sich tatsächlich verbrauchen“. Reagan habe damit den USA einen gewaltigen Boom beschert. Der Vorschlag ist überzeugend begründet und wird hoffentlich bei den für die deutsche Wirtschaft Verantwortlichen die nötige Beachtung finden. Den eigentlichen Grund für den vorliegenden Beitrag liefert allerdings nicht der Inhalt, sondern der Titel des Zeit-Artikels, der nicht nur an Ronald Reagan und seine wirtschaftsrelevanten Positionen erinnert, sondern Anlass dazu bietet, auch an Reagans Einschätzung der Rolle der Ökonomen in der Politik zu erinnern und sich mit einigen aktuellen Fragen der Ökonomie, wie Negativzinsen und Abschaffung des Bargeldes, auseinanderzusetzen.
• Under the title “Learn from Reagan”, the economists Kai Konrad and Jörg Rocholl in the weekly newspaper “Die Zeit” of 18 December 2019 published a proposal for a sustainable stimulation of the German economy. Following Reagan, they proposed to allow companies “to offset their investments immediately, or at least significantly accelerated, against their profits – and not only then, when the capital goods are actually used up.” Thanks to Reagan’s move, the USA had experienced an enormous boom. The proposal is convincingly reasoned and will hopefully enjoy the necessary attention by those responsible for the German economy. The actual reason for this contribution, however, is not the substance of “Die Zeit” article, but its title. It does not only remind us of Ronald Reagan’s economy relevant positions, but gives reason to recall Reagan’s assessment of the role, economists play in the politics. Moreover, also to address some topical issues of the current economy, such as negative interest rates or ideas on abolition of cash.

ALLEA Statement on Patent-Related Aspects of CRISPR-Cas Technology, ALLEA Secretariat, Berlin 2016, 7 pp. (together with ALLEA Permanent Working Group on Intellectual Property Rights et al.).

• http://www.allea.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Statement_CRISPR_web_final-1.pdf

Quality of Performance of the European Patent Office with Special Emphasis on Patent Applications Claiming Priority of PR China - Study prepared in the framework of the IPR-2 project of the European Commission, 2011.

Report on "Strategic Dimensions of Intellectual Property Rights in the context of Science and Technology Policy" as member of the ETAN expert group (European Technology Assessment Network), ETAN Working Paper 1999, XVIII + 51 pp. (together with Hanns Ullrich et al.).

Further Publications, Press Articles, Interviews

Amicus Brief "Referrals to the Enlarge Board of Appeal - G 1/22 and G 2/22 (Entitlement to Priority)" to the Enlarged Board of Appeal of the European Patent Office, 2022.

ALLEA Statement on "Towards Implementing the European Open Science Cloud – IPR and Other Strategic Considerations", 2020, 4 pp. (together with ALLEA, All European Academies et al.).

• https://allea.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/EOSC_statement_2020.pdf

China's Efforts in IP Protection Can Stand Scrutiny. Interview, China IP News 2020.

• https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-02-29/IP-experts-China-s-efforts-in-IP-protection-can-stand-scrutiny-OtIPXwAaAw/index.html